مساجد میں خواتین کی شرکت وعدم شرکت کے روحانی، نفسیاتی اور سماجی اثرات کا تحقیقی جائزہ

Abstract

Allah Almighty created this universe for both men and women, and Islam nowhere prescribes a greater share of worship for men than for women; both are equally “Abd” (servants) of Allah. The mosque occupies a central place in Muslim religious life, and the five daily prayers, which Allah has made obligatory, were offered by the Prophet ﷺ together with both male and female Companions in the mosque of Madinah. Since neither Allah nor His Messenger ﷺ ever barred women from the mosque, this study asks why later custom has often done so. Drawing on Qur’anic verses, an extensive body of hadith, and the juristic literature of the four Sunni schools together with the Zahiri school and select contemporary scholars, this article argues that unwarranted restriction of women’s mosque attendance carries measurable spiritual, psychological, and social costs  including feelings of religious inferiority, weakened communal identity, and a widening behavioral gap between men and women in society, while participation, when accompanied by proper modesty (hijab) and administrative safeguards, strengthens religious consciousness, psychological well-being, marital harmony, and the religious upbringing of children. The article further presents an illustrative, qualitative framework mapping the relative weight of these effects on the family unit, and closes with a set of practical recommendations for mosque administrations.